Geography 3510

Exam 3 Review--same boiler plate as previous exam reviews

This will cover material from Winds through Mid Latitude Cyclones

33 questions and I am going to make as many of them as possible multiple choice

General topics below. You can expect one or two or more questions on each topic

1. Have a general understanding of why we have wind and what it does on a global scale

2. Understand the forces which govern wind including gravity, pressure gradient, coriolis, centrifugal (centripetal) force, friction. Effect on speed and direction (230-234)

3. Make sure you know the difference between the thermal systems (warm cored low and cold cored highs) and mechanical systems (cold cored low and warm cored high). Know how the pressure varies with altitude and on a global scale know which major pressure systems are associated with each time (264-65)

4. Know the 3 cell system (Ferrel) of global circulation- which ones are directly driven by thermal conditions and which one is indirect. Know in general why this three cell system doesn't work. (284-92)

5. Know all the major wind and pressure systems on the globe Fig 11.3

6. Make sure you understand the concept of angular momentum and how it relates to the maintenance of the Westerlies(294-97 and focus page 298

7. Know the difference between El Nino and La Nina and general characteristics of ENSO circulation (303-09

8. Understand how winds are generally named and what prevailing winds are

9. Understand why Rossby Waves (in the westerlies) are wavy and how this aids in the exchange of heat and moisture poleward

10. Know the characteristics of land and sea breezes and their effect on climate.(264-65) Fig 10.22

11. Know the relationship between upper air troughs and ridges and temperature in the upper atmosphere. (Fig 9.15)

12. Understand Newton's first and second laws of motion (228-229)

13. Understand the characteristics of geostrophic and gradient winds and how and where they are different from each other (235-238)

14. Understand the factors that go into the gas law and in general the relationship between temperature, pressure and density (focus page 220-221)

15. Know the difference between a constant height and constant pressure chart and which is more commonly used (Fig 9.12 thru 9.15

16. -air mass formation, modification and source regions (including characteristics) Table 12.1 and Fig 12.2
-characteristics and source regions of the four major air masses
-understand the modification that mp air undergoes before it reaches us Fig 12.7

17.Know four basic types of fronts and how they are associated (connected) to mid latitude cyclone
-understand the general characteristics of each front and the type of weather they are associated with (325-333)

18.Know the general relationship of a mid latitude cyclone to upper air patterns (Rossby Waves and jet stream). Where in the upper air pattern are we likely to find the most relative vorticity?
How( and where) do we get upper air divergence? and convergence? (Fig 13.5; focus page 345; fig 13.7; focus page 350; Fig 13.11;13.12; 13.15; pages 357-60

19.Know the general pattern of movement (northeast) and the life cycle of a cyclone
Know what a Colorado Low is and how it influences are weather in winter (Fig 13.1)

20. concepts of cyclones and anticyclones and how they differ in the two hemispheres (9.29 and 9.30 and 9.33

21. Cause and location of jet streams

No promises but the following questions for review looked good

page 245-- 1,6,7,8,9,13,15, 17, 19

page 279---17,

page 310-1,2,6,7,8,13,14

page 336--1,2,3,11,16,

page 362--1,3,4,7,12

Ditto but questions for thought

page 245 --2, 9

page 280--9

page 336---5,9.

page 362---2,

If you understand where storms form relative to upper air and how the necessary divergence and vorticity is provided you will be in good shape