GEOGRAPHY 3530                                 Name:_______________________

Cartography & GIS                                                                    Final Exam

Dr. Michael Peterson                                                                      100 pts

 

1.  Change the following to RF’s and verbals: (2 pts each; 8 total)

 

7.2 inches : 1 mile  RF  _______________         1cm:  _____________ KM

 

 

3.2 cm : 7.3 KM      RF  _______________         1in :   _____________ Miles

 

 

2. On a map with a scale of 1:75,000, a soybean field measures 2.25 x 1.75 cm.   What is the area of the soybean field? (2 pts each; 6 total)

a) square miles:                         b)  acres:                             c) square KM:

 

 

 

 

                            

 

3.  Describe four major developments in the history of cartography.  Why was each development a turning point for cartography? (8 pts)            

a)

 

 

 

 

b)

 

 

 

 

c)

 

 

 

 

d)

 

 

 

 

 

4.   Describe the five aspects of cartographic abstraction (5 pts)

a) selection-

 

 

 

b) simplification-

 

 

 

c) exaggeration-

 

 

 

d) classification-

 

 

 

e) symbolization-

 

 

 

 

5.  Draw the characteristic graticule (lines of latitude and longitude) of each of the following projections: (3 pts. each)

a) Mercator                                                  b) Sinusoidal

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                  

c) Goode’s Homosoline (interrupted)            d) Molleweide

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.  Describe the four coordinate systems found on a USGS quadrangle (8 pts)

a)

 

 

b)

 

 

c)

 

 

d) 

                                                                                                           

 

 

 

7.  Describe the location of the indicated area using the designation of the United States Public Land Survey System.  How many acres does this area represent? (3 pts)

 

 

8. Explain how the GPS system works - # of satellites, pseudo-random code, orbit, distance calculation, triangulation, accuracy, differential GPS. (10 pts)

 

a)     # of satellites and orbit –

 

 

 

b)     pseudo-random code –

 

 

 

c)     triangulation and distance calculation –

 

 

d)     accuracy –

e)     differential GPS –

 

 

 

 

9.  Short essay (use a diagram if appropriate; 5 pts each)

a) List and describe five types of remote sensing images that are available through the Web:

1.

 

 

 

2.

 

 

 

3.

 

 

 

4.

 

 

 

5.

 

 

 

b) define each of the following:

1. Kelsh Stereoplotter -

 

 

 

2. orthophoto –

 

 

 

3. visible spectrum –

 

 

 

4. Landsat -

 

 

 

5. Infrared -

c) Describe the following methods of data classification.  Which is best?

1.  equal-interval -

 

 

 

 

2.  quantile -

 

 

 

 

 

3.  standard deviation -

 

 

 

 

 

4.  natural breaks -

 

 

 

 

 

 

d) Describe the input file provided to Surfer and the four types of maps that it can make.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

e) Describe the raster/vector distinction in GIS and an application of each.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.  The following map shows Hispanic population in Omaha by census tract.  Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the method of classification (5
pts).   Interpret the distribution on the map from a geographic perspective (10 pts)